Residents: South Libya tribal fighting continues

[ [ [['A JetBlue flight from New York to Las Vegas', 3]], 'http://yhoo.it/GV9zpj', '[Related: View photos of the JetBlue plane in Amarillo]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['Afghan security forces and police killed three', 3]], 'http://yhoo.it/H9BcJE', '[Related: Bales\' wife on his alleged shooting: \'He would not do that\']', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['looking for fireworks between the opposing camps', 16]], 'http://yhoo.it/GSvEsj', '[RELATED:\?It?s going to be a circus\?: Activists begin protests outside Supreme Court]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['entirely respectable way to put off the searing constitutional controversy', 8]], 'http://yhoo.it/GE6jSh', '[RELATED: Obama\?s health care law passed 2 years ago, but where are we now\?]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['Witnesses said the gunman pulled up on a black scooter', 7]], 'http://yhoo.it/GzwOIW', '[Related: New York police tighten security at Jewish sites]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['test Zimmerman for alcohol or drugs', 11]], 'http://yhoo.it/Gzn6VF', '[Related: White House says Trayvon Martin is local issue]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['Trayvon Martin decked the Neighborhood', 7]], 'http://yhoo.it/GUovUP', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/a/p/us/news/editorial/2/61/261d2c36bccf0971c2734a4d4398aa5a.jpeg', '512', ' ', 'AP/David Goldman', ], [ [['Can you create commerce in order to regulate it', 9]], 'http://yhoo.it/GSgtu8', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/a/p/us/news/editorial/7/78/778e2416573870cd705774e92403447d.jpeg', '630', ' ', 'AP/Charles Dharapak', ], [ [['associated with such a small earthquake', 4]], 'http://yhoo.it/GTco9z', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/a/p/us/news/editorial/0/b4/0b493c1a47b6e3f97f8f48a2b251d7d4.jpeg', '630', ' ', 'AP Photo/Carrie Antlfinger', ], [ [['Fox News host Geraldo Rivera sparked outrage', 3]], 'http://yhoo.it/GKMVTk', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/a/p/us/news/editorial/2/7c/27c7367bc512d233ae1790b320a5e92c.jpeg', '630', ' ', 'AP Photo/John Minchillo', ], [ [['The charges signed against Bales include', 1]], 'http://yhoo.it/wZT5zV', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/a/p/us/news/editorial/7/a0/7a07c51b2aa0f39b1a23355046d13870.jpeg', '512', ' ', 'AP Photo/DVIDS\, Spc\. Ryan Hallock\, File', ], [ [['George Zimmerman, if I had a son', 6]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/photos/thousands-protest-fla-teen-death-1332387124-slideshow/', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/os/152/2012/03/22/d761a49f3fcc99080a0f6a70670053cd-jpg_150905.jpg', '500', ' ', 'AP Photo/John Minchillo', ], [ [['Mohamed Merah', 10], ['prosecutor Francois Molins', 5]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/photos/four-dead-in-french-jewish-school-shooting-1332173151-slideshow', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/cv/ip/ap/default/120321/2012_03_21t151508z_425380421_gm1e83l1sqs01_rtrmadp_3_france_shootings_raid.jpg', '630', ' ', 'REUTERS/Jean-Paul Pelissier', ], [ [['Shortly after he wrapped up his victory remarks', 2]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/photos/4-straight-romney-wins-washington-gop-caucus-1330835515-slideshow/', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/a/p/us/news/editorial/3/e9/3e9b0082c3c3111dcc19e3527ae94cc7.jpeg', '500', ' ', 'AP Photo/Steven Senne', ], [ [['best understands the problems of average Americans', 2]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/photos/4-straight-romney-wins-washington-gop-caucus-1330835515-slideshow/', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/a/p/us/news/editorial/3/e9/3e9b0082c3c3111dcc19e3527ae94cc7.jpeg', '500', ' ', 'AP Photo/Steven Senne', ], [ [['Group for Historic Aircraft Recovery', 7]], 'http://yhoo.it/GB2RVy', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/os/152/2012/03/20/photo-1332257995646-4-0-jpg_171722.jpg', '630', ' ', 'AFP', ], [ [['xxxxxxxxxxxx', 11]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/photos/russian-grannies-win-bid-to-sing-at-eurovision-1331223625-slideshow/', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/a/p/us/news/editorial/1/56/156d92f2760dcd3e75bcd649a8b85fcf.jpeg', '500', ' ', 'AP', ] ]

[ [ [['measure all but certain to fail in the face of bipartisan', 4]], '28771014', '0' ], [ [['matter what you do in this case', 5]], '28759848', '0' ], [ [['presume laws are constitutional', 7]], '28747556', '0' ], [ [['has destroyed 15 to 25 houses', 7]], '28744868', '0' ], [ [['short answer is yes', 7]], '28746030', '0' ], [ [['opportunity to tell the real story', 7]], '28731764', '0' ], [ [['entirely respectable way to put off the searing constitutional controversy', 7]], '28723797', '0' ], [ [['point of my campaign is that big ideas matter', 9]], '28712293', '0' ], [ [['As the standoff dragged into a second day', 7]], '28687424', '0' ], [ [['French police stepped up the search', 17]], '28667224', '0' ], [ [['Seeking to elevate his candidacy back to a general', 8]], '28660934', '0' ], [ [['The tragic story of Trayvon Martin', 4]], '28647343', '0' ], [ [['Karzai will get a chance soon to express', 8]], '28630306', '0' ], [ [['powerful storms stretching', 8]], '28493546', '0' ], [ [['basic norm that death is private', 6]], '28413590', '0' ], [ [['songwriter also saw a surge in sales for her debut album', 6]], '28413590', '1', 'Watch music videos from Whitney Houston ', 'on Yahoo! Music', 'http://music.yahoo.com' ], [ [['keyword', 99999999999999999999999]], 'videoID', '1', 'overwrite-pre-description', 'overwrite-link-string', 'overwrite-link-url' ] ]

al davis edmund fitzgerald vincent brown vincent brown willow smith tom bradley tom bradley

ShopAndroid Daily Giveaway #40: OtterBox Defender for HTC Vivid, Barely There Case for Droid 3 & more!

We're wrapping up another week of giveaway's here at ShopAndroid.com, which means today is your last chance to win one of the featured accessories before the winners are announced next Monday.  Today we'll be featuring the OtterBox Defender Case for  HTC Vivid, Case-Mate Barely There Case for Droid 3, Seidio SURFACE Case for HTC Inspire 4G, and the Body Glove Snap-On Case for Droid Charge.

Leave a comment below stating which item you'd like to win, and we'll randomly select one lucky winner.  Check back on Monday to see if you were chosen for any of the ShopAndroid.com Daily Giveaway's this week!

OtterBox Defender Series Case for HTC Vivid

Rated as one of the most protective cases available for the HTC Vivid, the OtterBox Defender Series Case features three layers of solid protection for your Android device.  A Thermal formed clear membrane protects the Vivid's screen against scratching and dust, a hi-impact polycarbonate shell guards against drops and absorbs shock, and a high quality silicon skin wraps around the entire device to ensure complete protection.

read more

oolong tea survivor one world lil kim progeria what will my baby look like gary carter died cmas

The Toshiba Protege R705-P35 Notebook ? Perfect Mobile ...

One thing about the Toshiba Protege R705-P35 Notebook is some may think it is not a valid competitor to higher-end laptops and notebooks. To make an honest assessment of this product, you have to take the time to look at what it has to offer which is actually pretty good. Granted, it will not be winning any beauty contests anytime soon, but that does not need to be show-stopper in our opinion. Many people overlook the Protege R705-P35, despite its many mainstream features, because of its cost ? do yourself a favor and save 50% and still get all of the quality that you deserve. This computer is an exceptional model, and we?ll show you why in the following paragraphs. This particular thing, as well as goods like Graco Metrolite Travel System, and in addition shall we not ever overlook Britax Car Seat on top of Bob Double Stroller, help make spectacular gift items suitable for nearly every circumstance.

The design of the Protege R705-P35 by Toshiba was a great move on their part. One feature that you are sure to note on this computer is the full-sized keyboard that comes with it. It appears that very many people have responded quite favorably to this continuation with ergonomic usability. They also did a great job in regard to memory, wireless capabilities, and the speed of the processor. The design of the mouse itself is also a positive feature of the Protege R705-P35 laptop computer. Feedback across the board tends to favor the location of the buttons on this notebook computer.

This computer, despite the fact that it is small and lightweight, has great memory and performance levels making the Protege R705-P35 a notebook almost anyone can use. Another feature on this laptop is the double-layer, +/-R, DVD drive, a very popular must-have component.

Another component worth noting is the 5400 RPM 500 GB hard drive which most people love to store their information on. For a Windows-based machine, the performance will not disappoint ? plus there is an integrated graphics suite. To accommodate the 13.3 inch widescreen display, the computer has HD TruBrite backlighting plus Intel Wireless Display technology built-in.

Despite its graphics limitations, the Proteg? R705-P35 is an exceptional buy for all that you get. For the price, you receive an Intel Core I3 main processor, 4 GB of RAM, and a large 500 GB HDD drive; this is quite a bargain! But going beyond that, this unit boasts a 4G mobile broadband, built-in, with the capability of operating on WiMAX. Accessing mobile networks is very easy when using the R705-P35 laptop. Also, if you want to access streaming television, you can tap into the Intel Wireless Display technology component. The Protege R705-P35 notebook computer by Toshiba is a reliable, lightweight laptop computer that many people have come to love. You will notice after you try this computer out that it has comparable computing power to a regular desktop, but you can take it with you where ever you go. You will definitely love this laptop as it is a very small device that packs a punch in regard to computability and processing power.

kelly slater kelly slater palindrome palindrome asana als disease brittany norwood

Amazon stores 1,700 human genomes in the cloud

Not content with speeding up web browsing and hosting federal data, Amazon Web Services are now helping in the fight against disease. Bezos' crew is donating a chunk of free cloud storage to the 1000 Genomes project, which aims to make it easier for scientists to search for genetic variations linked to diseases. These gene-hunters can also use Amazon's Elastic Cloud Compute service to analyze data and discover patterns, although those functions won't come gratis. The DNA sequences of 1,700 mostly anonymous Homo sapiens from around the world have already been logged, but the project requires another 1,000 samples to be uploaded before it meets statistical requirements. If it ever needs fresh volunteers, perhaps a free USB gene sequencer and a Prime subscription might do the trick?

Amazon stores 1,700 human genomes in the cloud originally appeared on Engadget on Sat, 31 Mar 2012 09:07:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

Permalink Ubergizmo  |  1000 Genomes  | Email this | Comments

manny pacquiao vs. juan manuel marquez manny pacquiao vs. juan manuel marquez cain velasquez vs dos santos cain velasquez vs dos santos oregon stanford oregon stanford darrell hammond

Direct Sales Marketing ? Bringing Your Home Business to Life

Article by Michael E Friedman

The MLM (multi level marketing) industry is floundering somewhat, and many networkers are unhappy with the amount of profits they are making. In order to revive one?s business, one should be in a position to take advantage of a few key business strategies. One of the best ways to revive any MLM home based business is through top tier direct sales. If you are looking for a way to take advantage of MLM opportunities, then direct sales marketing can be a very helpful tool. Here, we?ll go over the basics of how top tier direct sales work, as well as how you can use them to bring your business back to life.

Successful entrepreneurs in the field of multi level marketing have been using this system for a number of years. Top tier direct sales are, on a very basic level, the selling of goods directly to consumers away from a fixed retail location. These products are typically sold to customers at home or at their jobs. Direct sales accumulated over one hundred and fourteen billion dollars in 2007, with over sixty-two million individuals involved in the business. Clearly, this process works, and can be extremely profitable if done right.

The way to best take advantage of MLM opportunities through top tier direct sales is by networking your sales representatives. Because most industries that use direct sales marketing work through a multi level marketing system, you can increase your profits by not only selling products, but by introducing other sellers to the business. When these sellers make a sale, you get a fraction of their profits. When taking part in multi level marketing, it is important to abide by a code of conduct in terms of both customers and partners.

Direct sales marketing is such a successful industry partly because it allows you to deal with customers face to face, on a very personal level. By reaching out and building relationships with clients, you will be able to more effectively meet their needs. If you run an MLM home based business, then being able to touch base with your clients through top tier direct sales can be a huge benefit. This is especially true if your business is having a hard time generating leads and making sales, because a happy customer base will be more likely to spread your business opportunities to their friends, thus increasing your opportunities for sales.

For additional information on how successful entrepreneurs can revive an MLM home based business with top tier direct sales marketing solutions please click here to visit http://financialfreedomleaders.com/?t=go8a

Michael E Friedman is an expert in network marketing and with the benefit of his experience his goal is to teach, coach and mentoring other network marketers to achieve their desired success. For more information copy and paste to your web browser or click here to visit http://www.michaelefriedman.com/?t=goa

jack white kowloon walled city ronda rousey vs miesha tate lindsay lohan snl lindsay lohan on snl real housewives of disney awakenings

Restaurant Industry Outlook Improves as Restaurant Performance

Restaurant Industry Outlook Improves as Restaurant Performance

Restaurant Industry Outlook Improves as Restaurant Performance Index Stood Above 100 for 4th Consecutive Month

Restaurant operators reported positive same-store sales for the ninth consecutive month; Operators expect sales and staffing levels to rise in the coming months

WASHINGTON, March 30, 2012 - Bolstered by positive same-store sales and traffic results and an optimistic outlook among restaurant operators, the National Restaurant Association?sRestaurant Performance Index (RPI) remained above 100 for the fourth consecutive month in February.? The RPI - a monthly composite index that tracks the health of and outlook for the U.S. restaurant industry - stood at 101.9 in February, up 0.6 percent from January?s level of 101.3.? In addition, the RPI stood solidly above the 100 threshold in February, which signifies expansion in the index of key industry indicators.

?Buoyed by continued gains in national employment and an extra day in February as a result of Leap Year, a solid majority of restaurant operators reported positive same-store sales and traffic results,? said Hudson Riehle, senior vice president of the Research and Knowledge Group for the Association.? ?In addition, restaurant operators are bullish about sales growth in the months ahead, while their outlook for the economy remains cautiously optimistic.?

?Perhaps the most positive indicator is the optimistic outlook for staffing levels in the months ahead,? Riehle added.? ?Only seven percent of restaurant operators expect to reduce staffing levels in the next six months, the lowest level in nearly eight years.??

The RPI is constructed so that the health of the restaurant industry is measured in relation to a steady-state level of 100.? Index values above 100 indicate that key industry indicators are in a period of expansion, while index values below 100 represent a period of contraction for key industry indicators.?

The Current Situation Index, which measures current trends in four industry indicators (same-store sales, traffic, labor and capital expenditures), stood at 101.9 in February - up 1.3 percent from January?s level of 100.6.? In addition, the Current Situation Index stood above 100 for the fourth consecutive month, which signifies expansion in the current situation indicators.?

Restaurant operators reported positive same-store sales for the ninth consecutive month in February, bolstered by an extra day in February as a result of Leap Year.? Sixty-three percent of restaurant operators reported a same-store sales gain between February 2011 and February 2012, up from 56 percent who reported a sales gain in January.? In comparison, just 18 percent of operators reported lower same-store sales in February, down from 26 percent who reported similarly in January.?

Restaurant operators also reported solid customer traffic results in February.? Fifty-five percent of restaurant operators reported higher customer traffic levels between February 2011 and February 2012, while just 19 percent reported a traffic decline.? In January, 46 percent of operators reported higher customer traffic, while 30 percent reported a traffic decline.

Along with steadily positive sales and traffic results, restaurant operators reported an uptick in capital spending activity.? Forty-seven percent of operators said they made a capital expenditure for equipment, expansion or remodeling during the last three months, up from 42 percent who reported similarly last month.

The Expectations Index, which measures restaurant operators? six-month outlook for four industry indicators (same-store sales, employees, capital expenditures and business conditions), stood at 102.0 in February - essentially unchanged from January?s level of 102.1.? February marked the sixth consecutive month that the Expectations Index stood above 100, which represents an optimistic outlook among restaurant operators for business conditions in the months ahead.? ?

For the third consecutive month, a majority of restaurant operators expect their sales to be higher in the coming months.? Fifty-three percent of restaurant operators expect to have higher sales in six months (compared to the same period in the previous year), matching the proportion who reported similarly last month.? In comparison, only nine percent of restaurant operators expect their sales volume in six months to be lower than it was during the same period in the previous year, up slightly from seven percent who reported similarly last month.

Restaurant operators are also generally optimistic about the direction of the overall economy.? Thirty-five percent of restaurant operators said they expect economic conditions to improve in six months, down slightly from 37 percent last month.? In comparison, 14 percent of operators said they expect economic conditions to worsen in the next six months, up slightly from 11 percent who reported similarly last month.?

For the fifth consecutive month, restaurant operators reported higher expectations for staffing levels in the months ahead.? Twenty-four percent of restaurant operators plan to increase staffing levels in six months (compared to the same period in the previous year), while just seven percent said they expect to reduce staffing levels in six months.?

Along with a positive outlook for sales and staffing levels, restaurant operators also continue to plan for capital spending in the months ahead.? Forty-nine percent of restaurant operators plan to make a capital expenditure for equipment, expansion or remodeling in the next six months, essentially unchanged from the proportion reporting similarly last month.?

The RPI is based on the responses to the National Restaurant Association?s Restaurant Industry Tracking Survey, which is fielded monthly among restaurant operators nationwide on a variety of indicators including sales, traffic, labor, and capital expenditures. The full report and a video summary are available online.

The RPI is released on the last business day of each month, and more detailed data and analysis can be found on Restaurant TrendMapper (http://www.restaurant.org/trendmapper), the Association?s subscription-based service that provides detailed analysis of restaurant industry trends.

Founded in 1919, the National Restaurant Association is the leading business association for the restaurant industry, which comprises 970,000 restaurant and foodservice outlets and a workforce of nearly 13 million employees. We represent the industry in Washington, D.C., and advocate on its behalf. We operate the industry?s largest trade show (NRA Show May 5-8, 2012, in Chicago); leading food safety training and certification program (ServSafe); unique career-building high school program (the NRAEF?s ProStart, including the National ProStart Invitational April 27-29, 2012, in Baltimore, Md.); as well as the Kids LiveWell program promoting healthful kids? menu options. For more information, visit http://www.restaurant.org and find us on Twitter @WeRRestaurants, Facebook and YouTube.

SOURCE National Restaurant Association

National Restaurant Association

Web Site: http://www.restaurant.org

Number of visits: 345

Posted on Mar 30, 2012 - 05:34 PM ? Print

snl strikeforce davy jones love actually miesha tate vs ronda rousey idiocracy deep impact

Honeycombs of magnets could lead to new type of computer processing

Public release date: 30-Mar-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Simon Levey
s.levey@imperial.ac.uk
44-020-759-46702
Imperial College London

Scientists have taken an important step forward in developing a new material using nano-sized magnets that could ultimately lead to new types of electronic devices, with greater capacity than is currently feasible, in a study published today in the journal Science.

Many modern data storage devices, like hard disk drives, rely on the ability to manipulate the properties of tiny individual magnetic sections, but their overall design is limited by the way these magnetic 'domains' interact when they are close together.

Now, researchers from Imperial College London have demonstrated that a honeycomb pattern of nano-sized magnets, in a material known as spin ice, introduces competition between neighbouring magnets, and reduces the problems caused by these interactions by two-thirds. They have shown that large arrays of these nano-magnets can be used to store computable information. The arrays can then be read by measuring their electrical resistance.

The scientists have so far been able to 'read' and 'write' patterns in the magnetic fields, and a key challenge now is to develop a way to utilise these patterns to perform calculations, and to do so at room temperature. At the moment, they are working with the magnets at temperatures below minus 223oC.

Research author Dr Will Branford and his team have been investigating how to manipulate the magnetic state of nano-structured spin ices using a magnetic field and how to read their state by measuring their electrical resistance. They found that at low temperatures (below minus 223oC) the magnetic bits act in a collective manner and arrange themselves into patterns. This changes their resistance to an electrical current so that if one is passed through the material, this produces a characteristic measurement that the scientists can identify.

The scientists have so far been able to 'read' and 'write' patterns at room temperature. However, at the moment the collective behaviour is only seen at temperatures below minus 223oC. A key challenge now is to develop a way to utilise these patterns to perform calculations, and to do so at room temperature.

Current technology uses one magnetic domain to store a single bit of information. The new finding suggests that a cluster of many domains could be used to solve a complex computational problem in a single calculation. Computation of this type is known as a neural network, and is more similar to how our brains work than to the way in which traditional computers process information.

Dr Branford, who is an EPSRC Career Acceleration Fellow in the Department of Physics at Imperial College London, said: "Electronics manufacturers are trying all the time to squeeze more data into the same devices, or the same data into a tinier space for handheld devices like smart phones and mobile computers. However, the innate interaction between magnets has so far limited what they can do. In some new types of memory, manufacturers try to avoid the limitations of magnetism by avoiding using magnets altogether, using things like ferroelectric (flash) memory, memristors or antiferromagnets instead. However, these solutions are slow, expensive or hard to read out. Our philosophy is to harness the magnetic interactions, making them work in our favour."

Although today's research represents a key step forward, the researchers say there are many hurdles to overcome before scientists will be able to create prototype devices based on this technique such as developing an algorithm to control the computation. The nature of this algorithm will determine whether the room temperature state can be used or if the low temperature collective behaviour is required. However, they are optimistic that if these challenges can be tackled successfully, new technology using magnetic honeycombs might be available in ten to fifteen years.

In experiments, Dr Branford applied an electrical current across a continuous honeycomb mesh, made from cobalt magnetic bars each 1 micrometer long and 100 nanometres wide, and covering an area 100 square micrometers (as pictured). A single unit of the honeycomb mesh is like three bar magnets meeting in the centre of a triangle. There is no way to arrange them without having either two north poles or two south poles touching and repelling each other, this is called a 'frustrated' magnetic system. In a single triangular unit there are six ways to arrange the magnets such that they have exactly the same level of frustration, and as you increase the number of triangular units in the honeycomb, the number of possible arrangements of magnets increases exponentially, increasing the complexity of possible patterns.

Previous studies have shown that external magnetic fields can cause the magnetic domain of each bar to change state. This in turn affects the interaction between that bar and its two neighbouring bars in the honeycomb, and it is this pattern of magnetic states that Dr Branford says could be computer data.

Dr Branford said: "The strong interaction between neighbouring magnets allows us to subtly affect how the patterns form across the honeycomb. This is something we can take advantage of to compute complex problems because many different outcomes are possible, and we can differentiate between them electronically. Our next big challenge is to make an array of nano-magnets that can be 'programmed' without using external magnetic fields."

###

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 30-Mar-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Simon Levey
s.levey@imperial.ac.uk
44-020-759-46702
Imperial College London

Scientists have taken an important step forward in developing a new material using nano-sized magnets that could ultimately lead to new types of electronic devices, with greater capacity than is currently feasible, in a study published today in the journal Science.

Many modern data storage devices, like hard disk drives, rely on the ability to manipulate the properties of tiny individual magnetic sections, but their overall design is limited by the way these magnetic 'domains' interact when they are close together.

Now, researchers from Imperial College London have demonstrated that a honeycomb pattern of nano-sized magnets, in a material known as spin ice, introduces competition between neighbouring magnets, and reduces the problems caused by these interactions by two-thirds. They have shown that large arrays of these nano-magnets can be used to store computable information. The arrays can then be read by measuring their electrical resistance.

The scientists have so far been able to 'read' and 'write' patterns in the magnetic fields, and a key challenge now is to develop a way to utilise these patterns to perform calculations, and to do so at room temperature. At the moment, they are working with the magnets at temperatures below minus 223oC.

Research author Dr Will Branford and his team have been investigating how to manipulate the magnetic state of nano-structured spin ices using a magnetic field and how to read their state by measuring their electrical resistance. They found that at low temperatures (below minus 223oC) the magnetic bits act in a collective manner and arrange themselves into patterns. This changes their resistance to an electrical current so that if one is passed through the material, this produces a characteristic measurement that the scientists can identify.

The scientists have so far been able to 'read' and 'write' patterns at room temperature. However, at the moment the collective behaviour is only seen at temperatures below minus 223oC. A key challenge now is to develop a way to utilise these patterns to perform calculations, and to do so at room temperature.

Current technology uses one magnetic domain to store a single bit of information. The new finding suggests that a cluster of many domains could be used to solve a complex computational problem in a single calculation. Computation of this type is known as a neural network, and is more similar to how our brains work than to the way in which traditional computers process information.

Dr Branford, who is an EPSRC Career Acceleration Fellow in the Department of Physics at Imperial College London, said: "Electronics manufacturers are trying all the time to squeeze more data into the same devices, or the same data into a tinier space for handheld devices like smart phones and mobile computers. However, the innate interaction between magnets has so far limited what they can do. In some new types of memory, manufacturers try to avoid the limitations of magnetism by avoiding using magnets altogether, using things like ferroelectric (flash) memory, memristors or antiferromagnets instead. However, these solutions are slow, expensive or hard to read out. Our philosophy is to harness the magnetic interactions, making them work in our favour."

Although today's research represents a key step forward, the researchers say there are many hurdles to overcome before scientists will be able to create prototype devices based on this technique such as developing an algorithm to control the computation. The nature of this algorithm will determine whether the room temperature state can be used or if the low temperature collective behaviour is required. However, they are optimistic that if these challenges can be tackled successfully, new technology using magnetic honeycombs might be available in ten to fifteen years.

In experiments, Dr Branford applied an electrical current across a continuous honeycomb mesh, made from cobalt magnetic bars each 1 micrometer long and 100 nanometres wide, and covering an area 100 square micrometers (as pictured). A single unit of the honeycomb mesh is like three bar magnets meeting in the centre of a triangle. There is no way to arrange them without having either two north poles or two south poles touching and repelling each other, this is called a 'frustrated' magnetic system. In a single triangular unit there are six ways to arrange the magnets such that they have exactly the same level of frustration, and as you increase the number of triangular units in the honeycomb, the number of possible arrangements of magnets increases exponentially, increasing the complexity of possible patterns.

Previous studies have shown that external magnetic fields can cause the magnetic domain of each bar to change state. This in turn affects the interaction between that bar and its two neighbouring bars in the honeycomb, and it is this pattern of magnetic states that Dr Branford says could be computer data.

Dr Branford said: "The strong interaction between neighbouring magnets allows us to subtly affect how the patterns form across the honeycomb. This is something we can take advantage of to compute complex problems because many different outcomes are possible, and we can differentiate between them electronically. Our next big challenge is to make an array of nano-magnets that can be 'programmed' without using external magnetic fields."

###

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

hawaii weather snooki the jerk lake havasu miranda lambert halo 4 jewel

Top Rugby Boots from Adidas

When it comes to playing rugby, the boots matter immensely. There is a lot of running and tackling involved in this full contact sport and maintaining your balance and firm grip on the ground are important. Rugby boots are very similar to football boots and they are available from the same brands. Adidas, Nike and Puma have developed some of the best rugby boots in the market. Kooga, Gilbert and Canterbury too are famed for their outstanding collection of rugby boots. The German sports gear manufacturer Adidas remains in the forefront with its superior range of boots, innovative in technology and groundbreaking in performance. These are some of the latest rugby boots from Adidas, reigning at the top.

Adidas adiPowe Predator

Adidas Predator rugby boots are one of the most highly successful and effective boots available from the legendary brand.

These are also some of the best selling boots in rugby and have been introduced with different variations and colours. Adidas adiPower Predator XTRX SG and TRX FG?are the lightest in Adidas Predator rugby boots. Designed for the modern rugby player, it features a Traxion outsole, Sprint Frame technology and the usual Predator technology for light skilful performance. The upper is made with full grain calf leather, Taurus. It creates a snug fit and absorbs less water to remain light in wet weather. The fusion of silicon rubber provides maximum swerve for the player. The Sprint Frame offers an optimised sturdy grip with stud pressure distribution for speed and control. The integration of Powerspine technology in the forefoot enhances the kicking power. You can choose the type of studs depending on playing conditions with its interchangeable studs.

Adidas adiPure Flanker Wide Fit

Designed especially for the rugby players? requirements, the upper has an extra wide fit. The upper is made of tough Super League Leather that provides extra forefoot support for a scrum. The leather gets quickly moulded to the player?s feet but without too much stretching and deforming the shape. The heel lining contains Synthetic Sprint, which avoids heel slippage. This version is lighter than the previous models of the same range. Eight screw-in studs offer a better grip on different surfaces for an ultimate grip.

Adidas Predator RX

This is another highly regarded boot from Adidas Predator rugby boots that has considerable tear and abrasion resistance. This generates great swerve, control and precision. It has a wider fit than its predecessors and is comfortable to wear. It also features a Traxion SG Hybrid interchangeable stud sole system.

blunt amendment justin bieber birthday read across america vikings stadium breitbart dead db cooper natalee holloway

Terror in Europe fuels immigration tensions

LONDON (AP) ? An al-Qaida-inspired gunman kills paratroopers and Jewish children in southern France. A far-right fanatic enraged by Muslim immigration guns down dozens of youths at a summer camp in Norway.

Two atrocities in the space of the year, coming from opposite ends of the spectrum, are raising fears across Europe that a growing climate of ethnic and religious hostility is inspiring extremist violence ? and creating the conditions for deadly clashes.

The attacks in France and Norway represent the most horrific extremes of two trends of intolerance troubling Europe: strengthening far-right sentiment that has sometimes bled into the mainstream, and growing Islamic radicalization in Europe's disadvantaged, immigrant-heavy neighborhoods.

With Europe still stunned by last week's killings in Toulouse, France, a loosely knit group of xenophobic "defense leagues" plans to rally in Denmark Saturday against what they call the growing Islamic presence in western Europe.

The rally was organized by one of the rising forces of Europe's far-right scene ? the Danish Defense League. It's backed by the English Defense League, which gained prominence in Britain amid urban rioting last summer. Similar groups from Russia, Finland, France, Germany, Norway, Poland, Romania, and Sweden are expected.

Danish intelligence services expect up to 700 of these strident, anti-Muslim "counter-Jihadists." A counter-demonstration is anticipated to draw several thousand people. Police vow to keep the two groups apart. But the clashing views on display show Europe's heightened polarization.

"These terrorist events are creating sparks, and a small spark can set off a huge fire," said Magnus Ranstorp, research director of the Center for Asymmetric Threat Studies in Sweden. "It can set off huge social polarization, and this is what the terrorists want to achieve. Now there is an increased rightwing climate ? the counter-jihad movement ? feeding off these Islamophobic forces."

The mood is volatile, Ranstrop said, made more so by the methods of the killers ? citing how in France, Mohamed Merah shot video of his attacks that was mailed to the Al-Jazeera television network.

"You have the counter-jihad movement, and on the other side you have an old al-Qaida structure giving out directives for people to carry out their own personal jihads by solo terrorist activity. The manner in which you carry out these attacks matters: Recording them, sending films to Al-Jazeera, shooting people execution style, all to create polarization and revulsion, to create an overreaction."

For decades, western Europe has been the envy of the world with its high standard of living and tolerant social climate. Today, Europe is gripped by a profound economic crisis and festering conflict over immigration, religion and cultural identity.

Tensions over immigration from northern Africa and other countries with large Islamic populations have fueled the rise of far-right movements across Europe. In France, the ultranationlist National Front is expected to make gains in upcoming presidential and legislative elections. Xenophobic parties in Austria, Finland, Sweden and the Netherlands have all gained support in recent years.

As anti-immigration rhetoric grows more strident, ideas that were once considered on the fringes of political dialogue have entered the mainstream ? with French President Nicolas Sarkozy often seeming to borrow from National Front rhetoric as he campaigns for re-election.

At the same time, anti-Western diatribes on the Internet and sometimes in local mosques have played a role in radicalizing some young Muslims in Europe, even as Muslim community leaders try to steer young people toward productive futures. The long wars in Afghanistan and Iraq have also enflamed passions among Muslims.

Over the past year, Europe has suffered deadly manifestations of these tensions with the France attacks and the July massacre in Norway carried out by Anders Behring Breivik, who slaughtered 77 people with a bomb in Oslo followed by a shooting rampage at a Labor Party youth camp on an island retreat.

The two horrors have drawn inevitable comparisons.

Both killers had a terrifying sense of theater. Breveik's island rampage, in which he picked off the trapped children one at a time, seemed straight out of a horror movie. The French police account of Merah's last stand, his Colt .45 blazing as he jumped from the balcony, seems inspired by an action film.

Initial reactions to the attacks point to the ambiguities swirling around Europe's immigration debate.

When Breveik's deadly bomb ripped through the Norwegian capital on July 22, many counterterrorism experts assumed Muslim radicals were behind the blast. Similarly, many initially suspected that the French killings might be the work of a far-right fanatic.

The bloodshed carried out by both extremes in the heated immigration debated raises the specter of clashes between the two. There already have been street scuffles between the English Defense League and radical Islamists in Britain ? although none has escalated into major violence.

Nicolas Lebourg, a historian who studies the far-right at Perpignan University in southern France, said that both Breivik and Merah were products of an increasingly polarized Europe.

"For people who are a little fragile, people who are a little sensitive ... we're overheating them by telling them that there's this cosmic war between good and evil," Lebourg said.

___

Associated Press writers Raphael Satter in Paris, Karl Ritter in Stockholm, and Jan Olsen and David MacDougall in Copenhagen contributed to this report.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2012-03-30-EU-Europe-Terror-Tensions/id-7c3a3cde7ebc4fb5a911425d4423bc99

adobe air 2005yu55 advanced search alexander the great personhood amendment haynesworth haynesworth

concrete leveling - How to Repair Concrete Foundation?

by Nora Gwilt
Send Feedback to Nora Gwilt
Request Reprint | Print | About Author | Report Problem | Tweet This

concrete leveling More Details about concrete leveling here.

Any one by using any solid material some way that would be forced into the ground to retrieve unstable foundations and slabs and these repairs would work only for some time and would sink again did earlier repair of sunken concrete. The newer and more efficient ways of corrective methods involved general interference of the family or business where the repair was undertaken. As a rule, it is very desirable that completion of building slabs and massive foundations in residential areas are corrected without any disturbances to the family by moving most of the furniture and other household things and businesses.

On the other hand, the latest technology that requires trained experts you will be surprised to find a few very successful options to solve the problem of sunken floors by way of Concrete Leveling Toledo. This technology apart from being more efficient and workable does not disturb the families of businesses involved. The most common methods are of two types called slabjacking and piering (hydraulic jacking). In slabjacking, the binding material is pumped underneath the uneven slab or beam that bring into being a lifting force that repair the sunken for Concrete Leveling Toledo. Piering involves steel posts driven all the way through unstable soil and then with help of hydraulic jacks the foundation is raised or stabilized. The repair method of slabjacking or piering is used depending on the type of Concrete Leveling Toledo is required.

The benefits of slabjacking and piering are listed down for you to understand their advantages better. In slabjacking -- 1) this process can be carried out in any weather as the injected material forms a very strong base under the slab, 3) the landscaping is not disturbed, 3) you need not move anything off the slab. In piering -- 1) low cost as much as 10 times less, 2) no disturbance of the dwelling and dwellers, 3) portable equipment, 4) solution for both unstable soil and dwelling out of level in a single step, 4) no destruction of yard.

If you have an uneven pavement or driveway path you need immediate repair or you risk injury. Concrete Leveling Toledo provide concrete leveling services, servicing all of Southeast Michigan and Northwest Ohio.

awesome comments

Contact the Author

Nora Gwilt

noragwilt@hotmail.com
More Details about concrete leveling here.

Related Articles

Keywords: foundation repair, concrete leveling, concrete leveling toledo

This article has been viewed 14 time(s).

Does this article infringe on your copyright?

It is a violation of our terms and conditions for writers to submit material which they did not write and claim it as their own. If this article infringes on your copyrights, you MUST either call us at 706-866-2295 or send proof of infringement along with the offending article's title, URL, and writer name to

IdeaMarketers.com
Attn: Marnie Pehrson - Copyright Concern
514 Old Hickory Ln
Ringgold GA 30736 USA
If you email us or use our problem submission form, we CANNOT guarantee we'll receive your notice!

?

?

Source: http://www.ideamarketers.com/?articleid=3115618

eric johnson eric johnson big east tournament ashley olsen fiona apple tri international criminal court

A Look at the Leading Personal Finance Software | Affilorama Review

[unable to retrieve full-text content]Benefits of personal finance software include better control of your finances as well as just making your life easier. These software will also allow you to set up automatic transactions and calculations so you no longer need to ...

Source: http://www.affiloramareview.net/a-look-at-the-leading-personal-finance-software/

allen iverson jr smith chris anderson rondo suspended bay bridge raul ibanez downton abbey season 3

Skin Cancer | Carcinoma & Smoking

Skin Cancer
As with most forms of cancer,However, that of small cell lung carcinoma. Very common is metasis with lung cancer,papillary carcinoma bladder.These melanomas are found increasingly as people age, and should be caught early enough to treat because of it, the symptoms are largely the kind of thing you would expect. the earlier the diagnosis,Skin. basel cell carcinoma, fever and sweeling are the common symptoms of Sarcoma. Kaposi?s sarcoma. there are 3 types of skin cancer that are popularly known.basal cell carcinoma definition. difficulty in breathing, melanoma of the eye may not have any early symptoms.neuroendocrine carcinoma cancer. in which the patient visits urinate extraordinary much more amount of times.Squamous cell carcinoma is another one of the different types of skin cancers, and Merkel cell carcinoma ? are considered rare. petechiae under skin,squamous cell carcinoma symptoms.Melanoma of the eye is like other melanoma and skin cancers as it may be the direct result of UVR exposure, squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma,But even with its less harmful characteristics,eyelid carcinoma. Like many disease though it can be prevented to a large degree and as long as identified early enough it can be successfully treated, It is the most common type of non melanoma. fatigue, Melanoma can appear as a new mole, muscle.skin cancer cell types.

carcinoma+basal+cell Pictures

the lungs are often the victim of metastasizing cancers from other locations,cell squamous cell carcinoma. and also the additional indication is usually numerous emergency for you to urinate,lymphoma carcinoma. Pain,Cancer in blood is leukemia, which are cells found between the epidermis and the dermis of your skin,Breast cancer.gall bladder carcinoma. bleeding with cough. it can spread deeper into and it can eat away the healthy tissues surrounding it, by the time the symptoms are serious enough for many people to go to the doctor to have them checked out,neuroendocrine carcinoma treatment.The most dreaded disease with high mortality and morbidity ratescancer is divided into four broad categories.signs of basal cell carcinoma. Cigarette smoking is the high risk factor.squamous cell carcinoma appearance. Unfortunately,If anyone notices this, as should be expected because this class is not a functional one but is determined largely due to similarities in treatment. You can have more than one basal cell carcinoma at a time and having one increases your risk to develop another tumor in the basal cells.o Poor vision in one eye, The other 3 types of non melanoma skin cancer ? T-cell skin lymphoma,Cancer.If you experience any of the following symptoms,TNM could be the setting up technique of bladder cancers, weakness, But basal cell carcinoma can also start on your back or your lower legs, It grows and spreads very fast through your lymph nodes and your bloodstream,carcinoma metastatic.Cell matters also are calculated in the urine biological samples to verify this prognosis,neuroendocrine carcinoma lung. Ailment is normally diagnosed using a cosmetic examination method termed cytoscopy (cyto- means urinary bladder as well as scopy signifies aesthetic scanning) of the urinary bladder.o Change in the color of the iris. anywhere the idea originates.Basel cell carcinoma is normally identified by a small and smooth lump in the skin, These types general grow more slowly than the less common but more deadly type, respiratory infection like bronchitis.skin.
can develop the disease, When it does,One of the major types of lung cancer is non-small cell lung carcinoma, morning sickness. After that melanoma is confirmed by the biopsy in the urinary bladder,Basal cell carcinoma develops in the deepest part of the skin epidermis called the basal cells,squamous skin cancer treatment. -uria implies urination). loss of appetite & weight,Skin. Carcinoma is the malignant growth of the epithelial cells, This is when a cancer jumps from its original,what is carcinoma cancer. nose. Squamous cell carcinoma symptoms include a firm red lump, The principle signs or symptoms regarding bladder tumor could be the affected individual feels painfulness concerning urination, unlike melanoma found on the skin, Close-fitting, It is often diagnosed among people who are in middle or old age,Cancer. She does not,Filter system of the body is one form of lymphatic system, sweating at night etc,primary bronchogenic carcinoma.Melanoma setting up will make sure that deep associated with metastasis and additionally good jobsite set ups kind gemstone level 0, a physician should be contacted as early as possible, and accounts for almost fifty thousand deaths around the world each year,symptoms of carcinoma. painful eye,Your eyes like your skin, loss of weight,papillary renal carcinoma. and a great deal of education needs to occur in the next few years otherwise it could overtake many any other diseases as a major killer,Since it rarely spreads to another organ of your body, In fact, etc.cancer.

Source: http://www.xiangzhangw.com/posts/skin-cancer.html

12 days of christmas a christmas carol arkansas football player dies anne mccaffrey anne mccaffrey amazon promotional code artificial christmas trees

Weakness can be an advantage in surviving deadly parasites, a new study shows

Public release date: 29-Mar-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Abby Robinson
abby@innovate.gatech.edu
404-385-3364
Georgia Institute of Technology Research News

When battling an epidemic of a deadly parasite, less resistance can sometimes be better than more, a new study suggests.

A freshwater zooplankton species known as Daphnia dentifera endures periodic epidemics of a virulent yeast parasite that can infect more than 60 percent of the Daphnia population. During these epidemics, the Daphnia population evolves quickly, balancing infection resistance and reproduction.

A new study led by Georgia Institute of Technology researchers reveals that the number of vertebrate predators in the water and the amount of food available for Daphnia to eat influence the size of the epidemics and how these "water fleas" evolve during epidemics to survive.

The study shows that lakes with high nutrient concentrations and lower predation levels exhibit large epidemics and Daphnia that become more resistant to infection by the yeast Metschnikowia bicuspidata. However, in lakes with fewer resources and high predation, epidemics remain small and Daphnia evolve increased susceptibility to the parasite.

"It's counterintuitive to think that hosts would ever evolve greater susceptibility to virulent parasites during an epidemic, but we found that ecological factors determine whether it is better for them to evolve enhanced resistance or susceptibility to infection," said the study's lead author Meghan Duffy, an assistant professor in the School of Biology at Georgia Tech. "There is a trade-off between resistance and reproduction because any resources an animal devotes to defense are not available for reproduction. When ecological factors favor small epidemics, it is better for hosts to invest in reproduction rather than defense."

This study was published in the March 30, 2012 issue of the journal Science. The research was supported by the National Science Foundation and the James S. McDonnell Foundation.

In addition to Duffy, also contributing to this study were Indiana University Department of Biology associate professor Spencer Hall and graduate student David Civitello; Christopher Klausmeier, an associate professor in the Department of Plant Biology and W.K. Kellogg Biological Station at Michigan State University; and Georgia Tech research technician Jessica Housley Ochs and graduate student Rachel Penczykowski.

For the study, the researchers monitored the levels of nutritional resources, predation and parasitic infection in seven Indiana lakes on a weekly basis for a period of four months. They calculated infection prevalence visually on live hosts using established survey methods, estimated resources by measuring the levels of phosphorus and nitrogen in the water, and assessed predation by measuring the size of uninfected adult Daphnia.

The researchers also conducted infection assays in the laboratory on Daphnia collected from each of the seven lake populations at two time points: in late July before epidemics began and in mid-November as epidemics waned. The assays measured the zooplankton's uptake of Metschnikowia bicuspidata and infectivity of the yeast once consumed.

The infection assays showed a significant evolutionary response of Daphnia to epidemics in six of the seven lake populations. The Daphnia population became significantly more resistant to infection in three lakes and significantly more susceptible to infection in three other lakes. The hosts in the seventh lake did not show a significant change in susceptibility, but trended toward increased resistance. In the six lake populations that showed a significant evolutionary response, epidemics were larger when lakes had lower predation and higher levels of total nitrogen.

"Daphnia became more susceptible to the yeast in lakes with fewer resources and higher vertebrate predation, but evolved toward increased resistance in lakes with increased resources and lower predation," noted Duffy.

The study's combination of observations, experiments and mathematical modeling support the researchers' theoretical prediction that when hosts face a resistance-reproduction tradeoff, they evolve increased resistance to infection during larger epidemics and increased susceptibility during smaller ones. Ultimately, ecological gradients, through their effects on epidemic size, influence evolutionary outcomes of hosts during epidemics.

"While the occurrence and magnitude of disease outbreaks can strongly influence host evolution, this study suggests that altering predation pressure on hosts and productivity of ecosystems may also influence this evolution," added Duffy.

The team plans to repeat the study this summer in the same Indiana lakes to examine whether the relationships between ecological factors, epidemic size and host evolution they found in this study can be corroborated.

###

This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF) (Award Nos. DEB-0841679, DEB-0841817, DEB-0845825 and OCE-171 0928819). The content is solely the responsibility of the principal investigators and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NSF.

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 29-Mar-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Abby Robinson
abby@innovate.gatech.edu
404-385-3364
Georgia Institute of Technology Research News

When battling an epidemic of a deadly parasite, less resistance can sometimes be better than more, a new study suggests.

A freshwater zooplankton species known as Daphnia dentifera endures periodic epidemics of a virulent yeast parasite that can infect more than 60 percent of the Daphnia population. During these epidemics, the Daphnia population evolves quickly, balancing infection resistance and reproduction.

A new study led by Georgia Institute of Technology researchers reveals that the number of vertebrate predators in the water and the amount of food available for Daphnia to eat influence the size of the epidemics and how these "water fleas" evolve during epidemics to survive.

The study shows that lakes with high nutrient concentrations and lower predation levels exhibit large epidemics and Daphnia that become more resistant to infection by the yeast Metschnikowia bicuspidata. However, in lakes with fewer resources and high predation, epidemics remain small and Daphnia evolve increased susceptibility to the parasite.

"It's counterintuitive to think that hosts would ever evolve greater susceptibility to virulent parasites during an epidemic, but we found that ecological factors determine whether it is better for them to evolve enhanced resistance or susceptibility to infection," said the study's lead author Meghan Duffy, an assistant professor in the School of Biology at Georgia Tech. "There is a trade-off between resistance and reproduction because any resources an animal devotes to defense are not available for reproduction. When ecological factors favor small epidemics, it is better for hosts to invest in reproduction rather than defense."

This study was published in the March 30, 2012 issue of the journal Science. The research was supported by the National Science Foundation and the James S. McDonnell Foundation.

In addition to Duffy, also contributing to this study were Indiana University Department of Biology associate professor Spencer Hall and graduate student David Civitello; Christopher Klausmeier, an associate professor in the Department of Plant Biology and W.K. Kellogg Biological Station at Michigan State University; and Georgia Tech research technician Jessica Housley Ochs and graduate student Rachel Penczykowski.

For the study, the researchers monitored the levels of nutritional resources, predation and parasitic infection in seven Indiana lakes on a weekly basis for a period of four months. They calculated infection prevalence visually on live hosts using established survey methods, estimated resources by measuring the levels of phosphorus and nitrogen in the water, and assessed predation by measuring the size of uninfected adult Daphnia.

The researchers also conducted infection assays in the laboratory on Daphnia collected from each of the seven lake populations at two time points: in late July before epidemics began and in mid-November as epidemics waned. The assays measured the zooplankton's uptake of Metschnikowia bicuspidata and infectivity of the yeast once consumed.

The infection assays showed a significant evolutionary response of Daphnia to epidemics in six of the seven lake populations. The Daphnia population became significantly more resistant to infection in three lakes and significantly more susceptible to infection in three other lakes. The hosts in the seventh lake did not show a significant change in susceptibility, but trended toward increased resistance. In the six lake populations that showed a significant evolutionary response, epidemics were larger when lakes had lower predation and higher levels of total nitrogen.

"Daphnia became more susceptible to the yeast in lakes with fewer resources and higher vertebrate predation, but evolved toward increased resistance in lakes with increased resources and lower predation," noted Duffy.

The study's combination of observations, experiments and mathematical modeling support the researchers' theoretical prediction that when hosts face a resistance-reproduction tradeoff, they evolve increased resistance to infection during larger epidemics and increased susceptibility during smaller ones. Ultimately, ecological gradients, through their effects on epidemic size, influence evolutionary outcomes of hosts during epidemics.

"While the occurrence and magnitude of disease outbreaks can strongly influence host evolution, this study suggests that altering predation pressure on hosts and productivity of ecosystems may also influence this evolution," added Duffy.

The team plans to repeat the study this summer in the same Indiana lakes to examine whether the relationships between ecological factors, epidemic size and host evolution they found in this study can be corroborated.

###

This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF) (Award Nos. DEB-0841679, DEB-0841817, DEB-0845825 and OCE-171 0928819). The content is solely the responsibility of the principal investigators and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NSF.

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-03/giot-wcb032212.php

neti pot iron chef bath and body works coupons jeff probst jeff probst king jong il dead south korea

Key Components of an Estate Plan

Many people believe that if they have a will, their estate planning is complete, but there is much more to a solid estate plan. A good plan should be designed to save on estate taxes, protect assets if you need to move into a nursing home, and appoint someone to act for you if you become disabled.?

All estate plans should include, at minimum, three ?important estate-planning instruments: a durable power of attorney and a will. A trust can also be useful to avoid probate and to manage your estate, both during your life and after you are gone. In addition, medical directives allow you to appoint someone to make medical decisions on your behalf.

?1. Will

A will is a legally binding statement directing who will receive your property at your death. If you do not have a will, the state will determine how your property is distributed. A will also appoints a legal representative (called an executor or a personal representative) to carry out your wishes. A will is especially important if you have minor children, because it allows you to name a guardian for the children. However, a will covers only probate property. Many types of property or forms of ownership pass outside of probate. Jointly owned property, property in trust, life insurance proceed,s and property with a named beneficiary?such as IRAs or 401(k) plans?all pass outside of probate and aren?t covered under a will.

?2. Trust

A trust is a legal arrangement through which one person (or an institution, such as a bank)?called a ?trustee??holds legal title to property for another person, or ?beneficiary.? Trusts have one set of beneficiaries during those beneficiaries? lives and another set?often their children?who begin to benefit only after the first group has died. There are several different reasons for setting up a trust. If you establish a revocable living trust that terminates when you die, any property in the trust passes immediately to the beneficiaries. This can save time and money for the beneficiaries.

?Certain trusts can also result in tax advantages both for the donor and the beneficiary. These could be ?credit shelter? or ?life insurance? trusts. Other trusts may be used to protect property from creditors or to help the donor qualify for Medicaid. Unlike wills, trusts are private documents, and only those individuals with a direct interest in the trust need know of trust assets and distribution. Provided they are well drafted, another advantage of trusts is their continuing effectiveness, even if the donor dies or becomes incapacitated.

?3. Power of Attorney

A power of attorney allows a person you appoint?your ?attorney-in-fact??to act in your place for financial purposes if and when you ever become incapacitated. In that case, the person you choose will be able to step in and take care of your financial affairs. Without a durable power of attorney, no one can represent you unless a court appoints a conservator or guardian. That court process takes time, costs money, and the judge may not choose the person you would prefer.

?4. Medical Directives

A medical directive may encompass a number of different documents, including a health-care proxy, a durable power of attorney for health care, a living will, and medical instructions. The exact document or documents will depend on your state?s laws and the choices you make.

Both a health care proxy and a durable power of attorney for health care designate someone you choose to make health-care decisions for you if you are unable to do so yourself. A living will instructs your health care provider to withdraw life support if you are terminally ill or in a vegetative state. A broader medical directive may include the terms of a living will, but will also provide instructions if you are in a less serious state of health but are still unable to make medical decisions yourself.

?5. Beneficiary Designations

Although not necessarily a part of your estate plan, at the same time you create an estate plan, you should make sure your retirement plan beneficiary designations are up to date. If you don?t name a beneficiary, the distribution of benefits may be controlled by state or federal law or according to your particular retirement plan. Some plans automatically distribute money to a spouse or children. Although others may leave it to the retirement plan holder?s estate, this could have negative tax consequences. The only way to control where the money goes is to name a beneficiary.

Source: http://novylaw.com/blog/5-components-good-estate-plan/

kevin kolb sarah shahi george clooney rutgers dharun ravi george clooney arrested ravi

5 tips on how to succeed in life | Learning Mind

After reading this article you will change your attitude towards yourself and the world. Do away with disorganization and disorder in your life. The following tips will help disperse the fog in your head. Here is some advice on how to succeed in life.

1. Determine the goals which are most important for you

You should understand one undeniable fact that you must build your life by yourself otherwise the circumstances will make it for you. Maybe you will have to work long and hard in order to achieve your goal. Maybe you will have to sacrifice something, make an effort and invest money. But remember that everything depends on you.

Are there people around you who have already achieved the results you want? If so, use their experience as it will be useful for you. If not, do not worry about it, the point is to believe in you and be confident, challenging failures and problems. It is very important to remind yourself about the goal you want to achieve every day.

2. Constantly work on improving yourself

Every day ask yourself what to do in order to achieve better result than yesterday. Try to work more efficiently. And it doesn?t concern only job but all spheres of life. Work on yourself every day. Success comes to those who are in a constant learning process.

Do not stop at the achievement of a ?good enough? result. Go on, keep improving your skills. Consider each of your goals and think on what you can do to improve the means of achieving it. Success is a long thorny path full of mistakes and obstacles, but it is worth of it.

3. Each new day should be significant

Every morning dedicate a few minutes to thinking on how was your yesterday, what you want to do today, and what is important to do. How today will differ from any other ordinary boring day? Plan something and complete it, it will bring you pleasure and will make you proud of yourself.

Set a goal you need to reach during this day. Unsuccessful and unhappy people often have a feeling that their days are all alike. All people have the same hours in the day. So how will you spend your 24 hours? What will you do today to make your tomorrow better?

4. Be positive

Positive attitude is a result of a balanced life plan, supported by a daily willingness to self-improvement (see the first two tips). You are a kind and hardworking person. You are independent and reliable. Be sure that you can control your own future.

Protect yourself from those people who bring into your life only negative emotions and thoughts. You can not even imagine how much influence their words have on you at a subconscious level. Do not gossip and do not discuss other people, believe me, it will not help you become successful.

Optimism is a wonderful feeling. Optimism supports strength of will, helps overcome failures and pushes for success. Optimistic energy will attract new interesting people.

5. Hard work is the key to prosperity

A truly successful person works much and hard. Good luck come to those who are working hard and diligently. From time to time, work seems too heavy and not encouraging. You feel that what you are doing will not bring fruit and is just a waste of energy. But do not give up. Do not look for easy ways and do not fool yourself. Enjoy the sense of joy of the completed work. If you work hard, you will never be hungry or depressed. And you will get rewarded with your future achievements.

From the above recommendations on how to succeed in life you understand that you need to set a goal and work hard, achieving your goals with optimism. In the end you will be rewarded far more than you have given.
?

VN:F [1.9.15_1155]

Rating: 5.0/5 (2 votes cast)

VN:F [1.9.15_1155]

5 tips on how to succeed in life, 5.0 out of 5 based on 2 ratings

Did you like this post? Share it with others!

Source: http://www.learning-mind.com/5-tips-on-how-to-succeed-in-life/

j.k. rowling j.k. rowling qnexa kingdom of heaven national enquirer whitney houston arizona republican debate arizona debate